Tropical-temperate troughs and their associated cloud bands have been modelled over southern Africa using the Regional Atmospheric Modelling System (RAMS). The correspondence between simulated fields and observational data for both the dry, (1980) and the wet (1981) late summer case studies has been examined. Model simulations reveal that the tropical-temperate troughs form when an upper westerly wave coincides with an easterly, wave or depression in lower levels. These systems occur preferentially over southern Africa (Madagascar) during wet (dry) southern African summers and are a major conduit for the poleward transfer of tropical moisture and energy.
Reference:
Van den Heever, SC, et al. 1997. Numerical simulation of tropical-temperate troughs over Southern Africa using the CSU RAMS model. South African Journal of Science, vol. 93 (8), pp 359-365
Van den Heever, S., D'Abreton, P., & Tyson, P. (1997). Numerical simulation of tropical-temperate troughs over Southern Africa using the CSU RAMS model. http://hdl.handle.net/10204/811
Van den Heever, SC, PC D'Abreton, and PD Tyson "Numerical simulation of tropical-temperate troughs over Southern Africa using the CSU RAMS model." (1997) http://hdl.handle.net/10204/811
Van den Heever S, D'Abreton P, Tyson P. Numerical simulation of tropical-temperate troughs over Southern Africa using the CSU RAMS model. 1997; http://hdl.handle.net/10204/811.