Focus on CSIR research in pollution and waste: Biological sulphate removal technology

Abstract

Acid mine drainage (AMD) is formed when the mineral pyrite comes into contact with oxygen and water, producing elevated sulphate, metal and acidity concentrations. Biological sulphate removal technology can be used to treat AMD, using cost effective carbon sources derived from the degradation products of grass-cellulose, the major constituent of plant biomass. Fermented cellulose produces volatile fatty acids (VFA): sustainable sources of energy. This treatment process relies on many species of degrading bacteria including the sulphate reducing bacteria (SRB).